Kaplan Nursing Entrance Practice Exam

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Study for the Kaplan Nursing Entrance Exam. Dive into questions with detailed explanations and hints to enhance your understanding. Prepare strategically for a successful exam experience!

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Which chambers are found in a four-chambered heart?

Two atria and one ventricle
One atrium and one ventricle
Two atria and two ventricles
One atrium and two ventricles

The correct answer is: Two atria and two ventricles

A four-chambered heart consists of two atria and two ventricles, which is characteristic of the hearts of mammals and birds. The atria are the upper chambers that receive blood from the body and lungs, while the ventricles are the lower chambers that pump blood out of the heart. This structure allows for efficient separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, facilitating a more effective circulatory system that supports higher metabolic demands. In contrast to the correct answer, other configurations do not provide the same level of separation and efficiency. For example, having only one ventricle or an unequal number of atria and ventricles can lead to mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, which is less efficient and is typically seen in some lower vertebrates. The evolution of the four-chambered heart has enabled species with this structure to thrive in a variety of environments due to its efficiency in oxygen delivery.