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The light-sensitive cells known as rods and cones are located in the retina, which is the innermost layer of the eye. This layer plays a critical role in vision as it converts light that enters the eye into neural signals, which are then sent to the brain for processing.

Rods are responsible for vision in low light conditions and help in detecting motion, while cones are crucial for color vision and detail in brighter light. Together, these cells enable the eye to respond to various light intensities and colors, making the retina essential for proper visual function.

Understanding the location and function of these cells is fundamental in grasping how vision works and can also relate to various visual disorders that may occur when these areas are damaged or not functioning correctly.