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Measles is categorized as a disease because it involves a specific pathological process caused by the measles virus that leads to a recognized set of symptoms and signs. In the context of medical terminology, a "disease" refers to a particular abnormal condition, often correlated with specific etiological agents, such as viruses or bacteria. Measles comes with well-defined clinical manifestations, including fever, cough, runny nose, and the characteristic rash, making it distinct from other medical terms.

Infection typically refers to the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms within the body. While measles is indeed an infectious disease, categorizing it solely as an infection doesn’t encompass the broader implications associated with it being a disease, which includes the symptoms and complications.

A syndrome generally describes a collection of signs and symptoms that occur together and characterize a particular abnormality or condition, but it does not imply a specific pathogen like measles does. Lastly, the term condition often refers to a health state that may not necessarily be associated with a distinct pathogen or may be chronic, making it less applicable to the well-defined nature of measles. Thus, recognizing measles as a disease effectively captures the complete clinical picture it presents.