Kaplan Nursing Entrance Practice Exam

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Which of the following is a characteristic of lipids?

More oxygen than carbohydrates
Less energy storage compared to carbohydrates
Higher ratio of hydrogen to oxygen
Immediate source of energy

The correct answer is: Higher ratio of hydrogen to oxygen

Lipids are indeed characterized by a higher ratio of hydrogen to oxygen compared to carbohydrates. This characteristic is significant because it affects their physical and chemical properties. The molecular structure of lipids generally consists of long chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms, with much less oxygen present than in carbohydrates. This results in lipids being more hydrophobic, meaning they do not dissolve well in water. The high hydrogen content in lipids contributes to their energy storage capabilities, making them an efficient source of energy. When broken down, lipids provide a substantial amount of energy, which is why they serve as a major energy reserve in biological systems. Understanding this feature of lipids is crucial in studies relating to metabolism, nutrition, and energy balance in the human body.