Kaplan Nursing Entrance Practice Exam

What kind of functions does the pancreas have?

1. Exocrine only

2. Endocrine only

3. Both exocrine and endocrine

4. Neither exocrine nor endocrine

The correct answer is: Both exocrine and endocrine

The pancreas has both exocrine and endocrine functions, which allows it to play a critical role in digestion as well as in regulating blood sugar levels. The exocrine function involves the production of digestive enzymes, such as amylase, lipase, and proteases, which are released into the small intestine to aid in the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. These enzymes are essential for the proper digestion and absorption of nutrients. On the other hand, the endocrine function of the pancreas pertains to the regulation of blood glucose levels. The pancreas contains clusters of cells known as the islets of Langerhans, which produce hormones such as insulin and glucagon. Insulin lowers blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose by cells, while glucagon raises blood sugar levels by stimulating the liver to release stored glucose. Together, these functions highlight the pancreas's dual role in both digestive health and metabolic regulation, making the answer that identifies both aspects as correct.