Kaplan Nursing Entrance Practice Exam

What is true about a typical human gamete?

1. It contains a diploid number of genes

2. It has undergone genetic recombinations

3. It will always contain an X or Y chromosome

4. All of the above

The correct answer is: All of the above

A typical human gamete is characterized by several important features that relate to its genetic content and structure. Each gamete, whether it is a sperm or an egg, is haploid, meaning it carries only one set of chromosomes, totaling 23 in humans. This is crucial for sexual reproduction, as the combination of gametes from both parents results in a diploid zygote with a full set of chromosomes. Therefore, the statement regarding the diploid number of genes is inaccurate as haploid cells only contain a single set of genes. Gametes do indeed undergo genetic recombination during meiosis, a crucial process that enhances genetic diversity. This process entails the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes before they are separated into different gametes, ensuring that each gamete carries a unique combination of genes from the parents. Regarding the sex chromosomes, human males typically have one X and one Y chromosome in their sperm (XY), while females produce eggs with two X chromosomes (XX). Thus, it is valid to affirm that gametes will always contain either an X or a Y chromosome, depending on whether the gamete is from a male or female parent. In summary, the correct characterization of a typical human gamete reflects that it has undergone genetic