Kaplan Nursing Entrance Practice Exam

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In a circuit, what does an increase in resistance typically do to current, according to Ohm's Law?

Increases current
Decreases current
Has no effect on current
Increases voltage

The correct answer is: Decreases current

According to Ohm's Law, which states that voltage (V) equals the product of current (I) and resistance (R) — expressed mathematically as V = I × R — an increase in resistance will lead to a decrease in current if the voltage remains constant. This relationship implies that if you increase the resistance in a circuit while keeping the voltage steady, the current will have to decrease to maintain the balance in the equation. In a practical sense, resistance can be thought of as a restriction to the flow of current. When resistance rises, it creates more opposition for the flow of electrons, which translates to a lower current. This fundamental principle governs how electrical circuits operate and explains the inverse relationship between resistance and current when voltage does not change.